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Whether you are the planner in your friend or office group or you give yourself constant pep talks at your desk, being able to use commands comes in useful!

Commands are essential for Spanish learners, too, and there are more types to learn than one has in English. Let us take a look at some of those.

Affirmative Tú Commands

The subjunctive mood is used to express the affirmative and negative commands of the Ud., Uds., and nosotros forms, and just the negative commands of the tú and vosotros forms. The affirmative tú commands are not formed on the subjunctive. There is, however, a list of verbs that are inconsistent in the affirmative tú command form that you must learn.

Regular verbs

The most uncommon form of the command is the type used when you wish to provide an affirmative command to someone you would address as tú. Oddly enough, the type of the verb used for an affirmative tú command seems exactly like the present tense él form of the verb: not the present subjunctive but actually, the present indicative, and not the tú form but the él form. For this logic, it is common to use the pronoun tú post the command so one can tell the difference between “he does something,” and “you, do something.” For instance:

Llama cada día.He calls every day.

Llama tú cada día. (You) Call every day.

If you remember how to make the present tense él form of the verb in the indicative mood, you can make the affirmative tú command form. If a verb undergoes a stem alteration in the present tense, the command form will undergo the same stem alteration. Observe, that the subject pronoun might or might not follow a command form.

Produce más comida ahora. Produce more food now.

Cuenta tú el dinero antes de salir. Count the money before leaving.

Almuerza durante el descanso. Eat lunch during the break.

Irregular affirmative tú commands

There are certain affirmative tú commands that are not the same as the present tense él form of the verb; these are regarded as irregular. Learn the irregular affirmative tú commands for the seven basic verbs given below:

Infinitive             Affirmative Tú Command                          Translation

tener                   ten                                                                  have

salir                     sal                                                                   leave

poner                  pon                                                                 put       

venir                    ven                                                                 come

hacer                   haz                                                                  make or do

ser                       sé                                                                    be

ir                          ve                                                                    go

decir                    di                                                                     say or tell

Because the  command for ser is the same as the present tense yo form of the verb saber, you need to consider the context of the sentence in an effort to determine which of the two is intended. In the below examples, observe how using a subject pronoun clarifies these identical types with totally different meanings.

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Sé tú médico porque así ganarás mucho dinero. Be a doctor because you will earn a lot of money. (affirmative  command, ser)

Yo sé que los médicos ganan mucho. I know that doctors earn a lot. (present tense yo form, saber)

If one has to tell someone whom they address as  not to do something, it is a negative command and, therefore, you need to use a different form. Just the  and the vosotros commands have different forms for the negative and the affirmative. For Ud. and Uds. commands, a similar form is used for negative and affirmative commands.

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